It is intended that any reintroduction will adhere to all relevant IUCN/SSC Guidelines.
The principle aim stated in these guidelines "should be to establish a viable, free-ranging population in the wild, of a species ..... which has become .... locally extinct. It should be reintroduced within the species' former natural habitat and range, and should require minimal long-term management".
The relevant guidelines are summarised below:
- Pre-project work needs to include a feasibility study and background research into the reintroduction project. This should include research into previous reintroductions of the same species, and persons having relevant expertise should be consulted prior to and while developing the reintroduction protocol.
- The area/country should have sufficient carrying capacity to sustain growth of the reintroduced population and support a viable self-sustaining population in the long term.
- Any reintroduction is a long-term project that requires the commitment of long-term financial and political support from all involved. Socio-economic studies, using knowledge gained from previous examples of reintroduction of the species should be made to assess impacts, costs and benefits of the reintroduction programme to local human populations.
- The reintroduction needs to be fully understood, accepted and supported by local communities. The reintroduction must take place with the full permission and involvement of all relevant government agencies from the donor and recipient countries.
- Risks to property must be minimised and adequate provision made for compensation where necessary; where all other solutions fail, removal or destruction of the troublesome released individual animals should be carried out.
- Initially relevant government agencies should give approval, and national and international conservation organisations and experts should form a proactive partnership to facilitate the successful completion of the reintroduction project. This partnership should identify short and long-term success indicators, give a prediction of programme duration and source adequate funding provision, within wider agreed project objectives.
- With wild-caught stock, care must be taken to ensure that: a) the stock is free from infectious or contagious pathogens and parasites before shipment and b) the stock will not be exposed to vectors of disease agents which may be present at the release site (and absent at the source site) and to which it may have no acquired immunity. Appropriate veterinary measures are required to ensure health of released stock throughout the programme. This would include adequate quarantine arrangements, especially where founder stock travels far or crosses international boundaries to the release site.
- There must be development of conservation education for long-term support; professional training of individuals involved in the long-term programme; public relations through the mass media and in the local community; involvement where possible of local people in the programme.
- The welfare of the stock to be released must be paramount through the whole process up to and after release.
- After successful release of stock into the environment, monitoring is required of all individuals and may be by direct (e.g. tagging, telemetry) or indirect (e.g. spoor, informants) methods. Demographic, ecological and behavioural studies of released stock must be undertaken. Interventions (e.g. supplemental feeding; veterinary aid) when necessary should be taken to avoid any unnecessary suffering to the released animals.
- Habitat protection and enhancement to encourage population spread should continue or begin in tandem with continuing public relations activities, including education and mass media coverage and regular publications in scientific and popular literature.
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